It becomes clear from the above description that different dynasties ruled over different areas of Marwar but they could not rule here permanently. Where was the original place of Rathores and whether they were Rathores or Gahadwars, there are different opinions for this, but it has been proved from the research so far that Rathores were formerly called Gahadwars but in reality they are Rathores only and came to Marwar from Kannauj only.
Read the previous part of this article Dynasties before the Rathores in Marwar (Jodhpur)
Bikaner Naresh Raisingh’s V.No. In the inscription of 1606, Siha has been described as a descendant of Jayachandra of Kannauj. In the Jain texts Purana Prabandha and Kalpasutra, Jayachandra has been described as a Rashtrakuta.
At the beginning of the thirteenth century, in 1243, Siha of Kannauj stopped in the Pali region of Marwar on his way to Dwarka and protected the moneylenders there.
The moneylenders of Pali requested Seeha to stay there and he agreed. While living in Pali, V.S. He died in 1330 fighting the enemies at Bitu. Siha was the son of Setram and grandson of Varadaisena. It is also said that Siha was the younger son of Setram. Siha’s son Asthan established his authority over Khed.
Since then his successors are called ‘Khedecha’. Rao Asthan defeated Samaliya Sodha of Idar and gave that area to his younger brother Sonag. Sonag’s descendants are called Idriya Rathore for this reason.’ Asthan’s third brother Aja beheaded Chavda Bhojraj, the ruler of Aukhamandal near Dwarka and captured that area.
Establishment of Rathore dynasty in Marwar
His descendants are called Wadhela. Asthan was killed in Pali in 1292 fighting with the army of Firoz Shah II. Asthan’s son Dhuhad greatly expanded his kingdom. He conquered 140 villages around him. Mandore was won by the Pratiharas but soon they had to be returned. He was killed fighting the Pratiharas in 1309 between Thob and Tirsingri.
Asthan had built the temple of Nagnechiyan (Chakreshwari) Devi in Nagana (Pachpadra tehsil). His son Raipal defeated the Pratihars of Mandore and captured Mandore but soon he had to leave Mandore. He defeated the Paramaras and captured Maheva. This area is now called Malani (Barmer district).
He killed Farda Bhati, the murderer of his cousin Pabu (now famous as Lok Devta) and subdued his 84 villages. Once there was a severe famine in his time, then he opened his paddy stores free of cost for the famine-stricken. For this reason he came to be known as Mahirelan, an incarnation of Indra.
In the time of Raipal’s successor son Kanhpala, his prince Bhima defeated the Bhatis of Jaisalmer and extended the boundary of his kingdom Maheva till Kak river. is famous –
Half of the earth is Bhim, half of Laudrava Dhani.
Kak river has six borders, Rathores and Bhatiyas.
Later Bhima was killed in an attack by the Bhatis. Kanpal took revenge on the Bhatis and suppressed them a lot. Being fed up, the Bhatis killed Kanpal in a battle with the help of the Muslims of Multan.
Kanpal’s successor Jalansi defeated the Sodha Rajputs of Umarkot. Later, to teach a lesson to the Subedar of Multan, with whose help the Bhatis of Jaisalmer had killed Kanpal, he took revenge by raiding Multan. He also defeated the Solankis of Bhinmal. In 1328, when a joint army of Bhatis and Muslims attacked him, he was killed in battle.
Chada, the eldest son and successor of Jalansi, defeated the Sodhs of Umarkot and the Bhatis of Jaisalmer. He plundered Jalore, Bhinmal and Sojat. In 1344, he was treacherously killed fighting a combined army of Sonagars and Deodars at Rama village near Jalore.
His son Tida, avenging his father’s death from the Sonagars of Bhinmal, conquered Bhinmal and also punished the Deodars. He also suppressed the Bhatis, Balechs and Solankis of Lodrava. In 1357, when the Muslims attacked Sivana, he was killed fighting them.
The Muslims did not allow Tida’s eldest son Kanhaddev to rule peacefully. They captured his Mahoba kingdom. He died soon. His younger brother Sailkha captured some part of Mahewa and started living in Bhirdkot (city). He looted Bhinmal. In about 1374, he was killed fighting a sudden attack by the Muslims.
Salkha had four sons – Mallinath, Jetmal, Veeram and Shobhit. Mallinath went to his uncle Rao Kanhaddev after his father’s death. Later he captured Khed with the help of the Muslims. He was a brave warrior and greatly expanded his kingdom. Once he defeated a huge army of Muslims, even though his army was outnumbered.
This is why it is famous – ‘Terah Tunga Maria Male Salkhani’. Mallinath was a perfect man. There is a temple named after him in village Tilwada on the banks of Luni river, where a huge fair is held every year in the month of Chaitra. The area under them is called Malani. His queen’s name was Rupade. He died in 1399 and was succeeded by Jagmal.
Jetmalji was the Garhpati of the fort of Sivana, where his descendants ruled for nine generations and received the title of ‘tenth Salgram’. Jetmal is known in history as a saint, visionary, self-respecting hero.
He made his sons swear not to avenge his murder from Jagmal, which gives a high place to his character, otherwise Malani’s history might have been different. Jetmal’s descendant Jetmalot became famous.
His descendants were the vassals of Kelwa, Agariya, Dhabardhuba in Mewar. In Malani, there were vassals of Thikana Nagar and Gudha of Raddhara pargana. Jujania, Jetmalot, Sobhavat and Dhavecha branches started from them. Padru, Nagar, Morsim, Seener, Guda Naal etc. are the places of other Jetmalots.
Khivankaran had taken the jagir of the city by defeating Sodha Akha-Nanda of forty-eight villages. Had also assumed the title of ‘Ravat’. Kalyansinhji settled Guda. Guda place got the title of Rana after defeating Surachand.
Salkha’s son Veeram got the jagir of Khed (Bhirdkot). He had frequent differences with his elder brother Mallinath. So he was forced to go to Johiavati where he was killed in 1383.
Veeram’s son Chunda was only 6 years old at the time of his father’s death.
Realizing the merit of Chunda, Mallinath gave him the jagir of Salodi. At that time Mandore was under the authority of the Inda branch of the Pratiharas. They were saddened by the Muslim invaders of Nagaur. Seeing a promising young man like Chunda, he gave his daughter in marriage to him in Mandore as dowry. This Sortha of this effect is famous in Marwar till now –
Don’t forget your weakness.
Choondo Chanwari Chadh, Mandovar diya jai.
After Chunda became the ruler of Mandore, there were two branches of Rathores. The descendants of Mallinath and Jetmal remained the rulers of the desolate region of Malani and the descendants of Veeram became the rulers of strongholds like Mandore. There is a famous saying-Mala Ra Madhai Veeram Ra Gadhai ,
This article continues further — read the next part (Introduction to the kings of Marwar,
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